According to the most recent studies, if you are not at a high risk for colon cancer, you should schedule your first colonoscopy at age 45. If no polyps are found, you probably won’t need another colonoscopy for another 10 years. But if you have a family history of colon cancer, a personal history of polyps, inflammatory bowel disease or other medical issues, you may need to schedule more frequent screenings and perhaps even at a younger age.
In general, regular colonoscopy screenings are recommended from age 45 to 75. While officially, there is no upper age limit for colorectal cancer screening, most US medical organizations believe the benefits of colonoscopy decrease after age 75. There is minimal evidence to support this screening procedure after age 85.

Are you an African-American or an Ashkenazi Jew? Do you have a history of ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease? Does colon cancer run in your first-degree relatives? You may be at a higher risk of colon cancer.

Here are other common risk factors:

• Age: Your risk increases with age, particularly after age 50.
• Genetics: Certain inherited genetic syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome, can elevate your risk.
• Lifestyle factors: Obesity, smoking, and heavy alcohol consumption are associated with a higher risk of colon cancer.
• Diet and exercise: A poor diet and lack of physical activity are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
• Radiation exposure: High levels of exposure from cancer treatments can be a risk factor.
• Medical history: A personal history of colonic polyps may increase your risk for colon cancer.
  While these factors may contribute to a higher risk for colon cancer, this disease can develop in individuals with no apparent risk factors. Regular screenings and a healthy diet are key proactive measures.